Overview of HFA Oil Additives

Additives to improve flowability of oil and diesel fuels at low temperature

Flow improver additives are used to maximize the flow potential of pipelines, which increases operational flexibility and throughput capacity and substantially increases bottom-line profit potentials. The use of these additives in pipelines is a growth market, due to the fact that the costs of new pipelines are very high. In low temperatures solvency decreases, causing wax crystals which eventually block the filters in the fuel circuit.

An additive to depress the pour point lowers the temperature under which oil or diesel fuel will flow; they are designed to modify wax crystal formation in lubricants, because waxes crystallize at lower temperatures. The effect of this additive is a better flow behavior and a depression of the pour point.

The Pourpoint Depressant additive is applicable to crude oil, fuel oil, gas oil, dieseland Marine Diesel Oil treatment.

A Cloud Point Improver additive modifies the size and shape of wax crystals, which forms when fuels are cooled to temperatures below their cloud points. These crystals can be visually observed. Without adding this fuel improver, filter systems will be blocked preventing flow in fuels stems. Cloud point improvers enhance the cold flow properties of diesel fuel.

This flow improving additive is applicable to diesel and gasoil treatment.

A Cold Filter Plugging Point (CFPP) additive maintains and/or improves the cold flow properties of diesel fuels like gas oil, diesel and Marine diesel Oil. In cold climates the Cold Filter Plugging Point of diesel fuels is very important and is specified in various standards such as the European diesel specification. The cold flow behaviour of diesel fuels usually depends on their molecular structure. As a fuel is cooled to its cloud point, the normal paraffins begin to separate from the fuel wax. Upon further cooling more wax appears, finally resulting in preventing fuel flow. The addition of cold flow additives tend to enhance the cold flow characteristics of these fuels and act to modify the wax.

This additive is applicable to diesel - Marine Diesel Oil and gas oil treatment.

Reduce costs; additives to prevent or reduce corrosion of transport- and refinery parts

A Demulsifier (revert emulsifier) is a class of specialty chemical additive used to separate emulsions (saline water) from crude oil before refining. The majority of the water and salt must be removed, otherwise corrosion problems may occur in the refining process. Every crude needs a tailor made demulsifier, because natural emulsions are a complex system of many emulsifiers that hold water droplets within the oil. The solubility of a demulsifier depends on the demulsifier composition, the oil composition, and the salt concentration in the brine water. Demulsifiers are used in the chemical analysis of oil and synthetic muds and to treat produced hydrocarbons.

This additive is applicable to crude oil and fuel oil treatment, prevents corrosion.

Corrosion Inhibitors are chemical additives used in acid treatments to protect iron and steel components in the wellbore and treating equipment from the corrosive treating fluid. This protection must remain effective under the anticipated pressure and temperature environment for the duration of the treatment. It forms a layer on the surface of the material that stops the destructive influence of corrosive agents on the metal. It eliminates more than 99% of the metal losses that would occur if the inhibitor were not present.

This additive is applicable to gasoline, naphtha, kerosene, and jet fuel treatment.

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) scavenger additives are appropriate for use at the Low Hydrogen Sulfide concentrations where conventional chemical absorption and physical solvents are not economical. Sulfides can be precipitated harmlessly from water muds or oil muds by treatments with the proper sulfide scavenger. H2S Scavengers are treating chemicals which are added to a drilling mud or other fluid to react with a contaminant to change the contaminant to a less harmful compound. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) has plagued the industry for many decades. It can be a costly problem, increasing maintenance costs, corroding equipment and pipelines, affecting product quality, interfering with production and shipping schedules and even generating huge fines for non-compliance.

This additive is applicable to crude oil, fuel oil, gasoline, naphtha treatment.

Mercaptan Scavenger additives are used for the specific treatment of heavy oils containing mercaptans, but which exhibit a tendency to form emulsions. Mercaptans encountered can cause many problems ranging from malodours to metal corrosion. Because of the volatility of mercaptans they tend to evolve into vapour spaces, where their offensive odours create problems in and around storage areas and throughout pipelines and shipping systems used for transportation.

This additive is applicable to gasoline,naphtha, fuel oil and crude oil treatment.

Anti-oxidants retard oxidation and reduce gum formation; they extend storage life and protect fuel systems by increasing resistance to oxidation. Modern fuels tend to be more susceptible to oxidation than untreated fuels, since the treatment not only removes the undesirable components, but also natural oxidation inhibitors.

The HFA anti-oxidant additive is applicable to gas oil, diesel, gasoline, naphtha, kerosene, jet fuel treatment.

Fuel additive to reduce emission and/or improve performance

RON/MON improvers are used to boost the octane rating of fuel. Petrol is a complex mixture of hundreds different chemical compounds. It doesn't have a fixed composition, but is graded according to its performance in a test engine, which results in an octane rating or number (RON/MON). The Research Octane Number (RON) is a measure of how good a petrol is at resisting engine knock. In the long term engine knock can cause damage to the pistons and lead to engine failure.

This additive as applicable to gasoline, and –naphtha treatment.

Lubricity improvers increase the lubricity of diesel fuels by incorporating a lubricity additive. Low sulphur diesel fuels have become an environmental necessity due to concerns over emissions of diesel engines. However the reduction in the sulphur and aromatics content of diesel fuels has resulted in lubricity problems. Low sulphur diesel fuels have been found to increase the wear and tear of all kinds of equipment. Lubricity improvers are able to restore the lubricity to the required performance level, by creating a fine layer over a metal surface, so that direct metal-to-metal contact is avoided.

This additive is applicable to–diesel and gas oil treatment.

Cetane number improvers can reduce emissions and engine noise, and results in maximum power. Higher cetane fuels will have shorter ignition delay periods than lower cetane fuels. Fuels with higher cetane number which have shorter ignition delays provide more time for the fuel combustion process to be completed. Hence, higher speed diesels operate more effectively with higher cetane number fuels. Cetane number is a measure of the ignition quality of diesel fuel, it is not a measure of fuel quality. Cetane improvers encourage early and uniform ignition of the fuel. They discourage premature combustion and excessive rate of pressure increase in the combustion cycle.

This additive is applicable to gas oil and diesel treatment.

Fuel additive to lower the risk of fire or explosion

Conductivity Improvers are used to mitigate the risk of fire or explosion. This additive improves the conductivity of the fuel, thus permitting any electrostatic charge built up during high volume transport of the fuel to safely dissipate without generating a spark. This prevents ignition of volatile fumes which might be present in the area.

This additive is applicable to gas oil, diesel, kerosene, jet fuel treatment.

Additive to speedup water from oil separation

Dehazers are surfactants which enhance the coalescence of small water droplets suspended within the fuel, which reduces settling time and increases water separation, enabling you to meet shipping schedules and decreasing storage space requirements.

This additive is applicable to gas oil, diesel treatment.

Additive to prevent bacteria

Biocides / bactericides are used for oil field water treatment, as preservatives for polymers used in oil field fluids, and as preservatives to inhibit growth of bacteria in oil field waters. Bacterial action can deteriorate the polymer, leading to loss of viscosity and ineffectiveness of the fluids.

This additive is applicable to gas oil, diesel treatment.

Additive to mark or dye fuel like diesel and gas oil

Dyes / Markers are added to untaxed fuel to deter its use in applications intended for taxed fuel or white fuel. In many countries it is mandatory to dye an untaxed or low-taxed fuel. The dyes used are soluble in hydrocarbon-based nonpolar solvents.

This additive is applicable to gas oil, diesel, gasoline, naphtha treatment.

Tankcleaners are cleaning agents used as a solvent cleaner and oil dispersant. During the storage of oil products (such as crude oil, fuel oil and other refined oils)in oil tanks, a minor portion of the oil is precipitated. The precipitated material is deposited on the bottom and the sides of the oil tank and in time it will form a comparatively thick sludge layer in the tank. Especially in tanks used for the storage of crude oil, the layer thus formed will contain components other than hydrocarbons. Thus, there may be considerable amounts of water, sand, loose rust and sludge present in the layer. Cleaning agents remove oil residues from a tank containing an oil-containing liquid and a layer of oil residues.

Tankcleaners are applicable to all oil storage tanks and prevents product contamination.